Hydrocephalus · Shunt · Endoscopic (ETV)

Hydrocephalus Treatment

Shunt and endoscopic (ETV) options for cerebrospinal fluid circulation disorders — pediatric, adult and normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH).

Dr. Özgür Akşan · Neurosurgery · İzmir, Türkiye

Send your MRI / CT and we will review the situation together — a second opinion is welcome.

How hydrocephalus presents

Hydrocephalus is an excess of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles. It presents differently by age and cause; the right treatment is decided individually for each patient.

Childhood hydrocephalus

May be congenital or acquired. In infants, a head circumference growing faster than expected, a tense fontanelle or increased irritability warrants evaluation.

Adult (obstructive) hydrocephalus

Raised pressure from blocked cerebrospinal fluid flow (tumor, post-hemorrhage, a narrow congenital channel) may present with headache, nausea, and visual or balance problems.

Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH)

In older adults, gait disturbance, urinary difficulty and forgetfulness may appear together. It can be mistaken for dementia and needs a distinct assessment.

When an evaluation may help

An infant with a rapidly enlarging head, a tense fontanelle or increasing irritability
Ventricular enlargement (hydrocephalus) seen on brain MRI or CT
Older adults with gait disturbance, loss of balance and forgetfulness, where NPH is being investigated
A previously placed shunt with ongoing symptoms, or a request to re-assess shunt function — a second opinion is welcome

Shunt or endoscopic (ETV) — chosen case by case

A ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt is a broadly applicable option for most types of hydrocephalus and is followed for valve setting, blockage and infection. Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) is considered in selected obstructive cases with suitable anatomy and aims to avoid a permanent shunt. Neither approach is universally “better”; the right choice depends on the type of hydrocephalus, the patient’s age and imaging. This page is for general information and does not replace a medical consultation.

Dr. Özgür Akşan

Neurosurgeon

Experienced in shunt and endoscopic (ETV) approaches to hydrocephalus, with a realistic, case-specific assessment in pediatric and adult patients before any treatment decision.