Lumbar disc herniation is a condition that occurs when the outer layer of the discs in the lower part of the spine is torn or damaged. In this condition, the gel-like substance (nucleus pulposus) inside the disc can protrude outward and exert pressure on the surrounding nerves. Lumbar disc herniation can cause symptoms such as lower back pain, leg pain, numbness, and weakness.

Lumbar disc herniation is often associated with factors such as sudden heavy lifting, excessive strain, repetitive movements, or the aging process. The symptoms can vary depending on the size, location, and compression of the herniation on the nerves. Lower back pain is typically concentrated in the lower back region and may radiate down the legs. Leg pain, numbness, tingling, and a sensation of weakness in the legs can occur.

In the treatment of lumbar disc herniation, conservative methods are often the first approach. Medications can be used to relieve pain and control inflammation. Physical therapy and exercise programs can help strengthen the back muscles, increase flexibility, and assist in pain reduction. Additionally, epidural injections can be used to alleviate pain by delivering medication directly to the nerves or spinal area.