Spinal Disorders
Treatments for cervical disc herniation, stenosis, scoliosis
Overview
Spinal disorders can affect cervical, thoracic, and lumbar regions.
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Cervical Disc Herniation
Cervical disc herniation occurs when the disc between cervical vertebrae degenerates or protrudes due to trauma, pressing on the spinal cord or nerve roots.
Cervical Stenosis
Cervical stenosis is the narrowing of the spinal canal in the neck region, causing compression of the spinal cord and nerve roots. It can lead to progressive arm weakness, numbness, and balance problems.
Scoliosis (Spinal Curvature)
Scoliosis is not simply a sideways bend of the spine; it is a three-dimensional deformity in which the spine also rotates. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is the most common form, but congenital, neuromuscular, syndromic and adult degenerative types also exist. The degree of the curve, the patient's age, remaining growth potential and any associated balance problem directly shape the treatment plan. In mild curves, observation may be enough; in curves at risk of progression, bracing is considered, and in selected severe deformities surgical correction may be needed. The goal is not only to reduce the angle on the X-ray, but to preserve spinal balance, prevent progression, ease cosmetic concerns and, in the long term, keep the risks of pain, breathing problems and loss of function under control.
Kyphosis
Kyphosis is a deformity caused by excessive forward curvature of the thoracic spine. It can develop due to Scheuermann's disease, osteoporotic fractures, or degenerative processes.
Spinal Cord Tumors
Spinal cord tumors are neoplasms that develop within (intramedullary) or around (extramedullary) the spinal cord. The most common intramedullary tumors are ependymomas and astrocytomas.
Anatomy
The human spine consists of 33 vertebrae.